What is the winding in a squirrel-cage rotor typically made of?

The winding in a squirrel-cage rotor is typically made of copper or aluminum bars due to their excellent electrical conductivity and cost-effectiveness. These materials are used to create short-circuited loops that are embedded within the rotor structure. When the rotor is placed in a magnetic field generated by the stator, electrical currents are induced in these conductive bars, allowing the rotor to produce torque and rotate.

Copper and aluminum offer the advantageous combination of good conductivity and mechanical strength, which is crucial for the efficient operation of induction motors. These materials ensure that the rotor can withstand the physical stresses and thermal conditions experienced during operation without succumbing to electrical resistance losses that would lead to inefficiencies. The choice of copper or aluminum also aids in minimizing the overall weight of the rotor while maintaining performance.

Understanding the choice of material is important in electric motor design, where the efficiency and durability of components directly impact the machine's performance and longevity.