What is the primary function of circuit breakers in a 3-phase system?

The primary function of circuit breakers in a 3-phase system is to interrupt current flow during overloads or short circuits. Circuit breakers are essential safety devices designed to protect electrical circuits from damage caused by excessive current. When a fault occurs, such as a short circuit or an overload condition, the circuit breaker detects the anomaly and automatically disconnects the circuit. This rapid interruption prevents potential hazards, including equipment damage, electrical fires, and personal injury.

Circuit breakers function by using electromagnetic or thermal mechanisms to sense overloads. When the current exceeds the safe operating limit, these mechanisms trigger the breaker to open (disconnect), effectively stopping the current flow. This ability to react promptly to fault conditions is crucial for maintaining the integrity and safety of electrical systems, particularly in complex 3-phase installations where load imbalances can create significant risks.